Gender/Labor Seminar
2016/2017: ce séminaire n’est plus actif au sein de PSE....................
The Gender/Labor seminar is a monthly seminar that proposes presentations from leading economists in these fields, in France and abroad. The seminar aims to bring together interested doctoral students and professors from the Centre d’Economie de la Sorbonne and the Paris School of Economics, and beyond.
It is usually possible to meet with the speaker before or after the seminar, subject to their availability (please email the organizer if you wish to do so).
Sessions are coordinated by Elena STANCANELLI (
https://www.parisschoolofeconomics.eu/fr/stancanelli-elena/) and typically take place on the first Thursday of the month, from noon to 1:30pm, in the Maison des Sciences Economiques (106 boulevard de l’Hôpital, 75013 Paris - M° Campo Formio), Room S18 (MSE 2).
This seminar receives financial support from the Paris School of Economics and the University Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne.
Upcoming events
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Archives
- Thursday 9 June 2016 12:00-13:30
- Salle S18 Centre d’Economie de la Sorbonne, Maison des Sciences Economique
- Victor Lavy (Warwick University & Hebrew University of Jerusalem)
On The Origins of Gender Human Capital Gaps: Short and Long Term Consequences of Teachers’ Stereotypical Biases - Abstract
On The Origins of Gender Human Capital Gaps: Short and Long Term Consequences of Teachers’ Stereotypical Biases
(joint with Edith Sand).
Abstract:
In this paper, we estimate the effect of primary school teachers’ gender biases on boys’ and girls’ academic achievements during middle and high school and on the choice of advanced level courses in math and sciences during high school. For identification, we rely on the random assignments of teachers and students to classes in primary schools. Our results suggest that teachers’ biases favoring boys have an asymmetric effect by gender—positive effect on boys’ achievements and negative effect on girls’. Such gender biases also impact students’ enrollment in advanced level math courses in high school—boys positively and girls negatively. These results suggest that teachers’ biased behavior at early stage of schooling have long run implications for occupational choices and earnings at adulthood, because enrollment in advanced courses in math and science in high school is a prerequisite for post-secondary schooling in engineering, computer science and so on. This impact is heterogeneous, being larger for children from families where the father is more educated than the mother and larger on girls from low socioeconomic background.
- Thursday 12 May 2016 12:00-13:30
- Salle S18 Centre d’Economie de la Sorbonne, Maison des Sciences Economique
- Eliane El Badaoui (EconomiX – Université de Paris Ouest Nanterre-La Défense)
Fostering, Children’s Time Use and Schooling in Niger: A Test of the Cinderella Effect
Fostering, Children’s Time Use and Schooling in Niger: A Test of the
Cinderella Effect - Abstract
Fostering, Children’s Time Use and Schooling in Niger: A Test of the Cinderella Effect
Eliane El Badaoui and Lucia Mangiavacchi
Abstract
This paper deals with the time allocation of fostered-in children compared to their biological counterparts in Niger. The children’s school attendance and their time allocated to market work and domestic work are analysed simultaneously allowing for correlations among the error terms. The focus is on the impact of fostering-in, a common institution in West Africa. Fostering-in decision is treated as endogenous and estimates are performed on different sub-samples to test for heterogeneity in household composition. The results suggest that there is no significant difference between fostered-in and biological boys in the school outcome while the picture is totally different for girls who have a lower probability to attend school when fostered. Fostered-in children are required to do more hours of market labour and domestic labour. While fostered boys perform more domestic chores than their biological siblings, fostering status has no impact on girls’ time allocated to domestic tasks. The correlations among error terms in the three different equations are significant and confirm that neglecting simultaneously of the three decisions would lead to inefficient estimates. For the subsample of girls, the endogeneity of fostering seems only related to market hours. Our results hold to different sample selections, in particular to the exclusion of children living in polygamous or in non-nuclear families.
- Thursday 7 April 2016 12:00-13:30
- Salle S18 Centre d’Economie de la Sorbonne, Maison des Sciences Economique
- Erich Battistin (Queen Mary London)
Roadblocks on the Road to Grandma’s House: Fertility Consequences of Delayed Retirement
Roadblocks on the Road to Grandma’s House: Fertility Consequences of Delayed Retirement
- Thursday 10 March 2016 12:00-13:30
- Salle S18 Centre d’Economie de la Sorbonne, Maison des Sciences Economique
- Sylvie Blasco (Université du Maine, Le Mans)
Peer Effects of Job Search Assistance Group Treatments Evidence of a Randomized Field Experiment among Disadvantaged Youths
Peer Effects of Job Search Assistance Group Treatments
Evidence of a Randomized Field Experiment among
Gerard J. van den Berg, Sylvie Blasco, Bruno Crépon Daphné Skandalis, Arne Uhlendorff
Abstract:
This paper analyzes the impact of “search clubs” on job search outcomes of young unemployed workers living in deprived neighborhoods in France. Young job seekers in these areas often have difficulties to find (stable) jobs and their dropout rate from active labor market programs is usually high. Search clubs have been designed to address the specific situation of these young individuals. It is an intense counseling program with collective meetings fostering the interaction among the participants and between the participants and the caseworker. The experiment was conducted in France with about 3600 young unemployed workers in 30 local labor agencies. Individuals were randomly assigned to a search club or to a standard counseling program. Our experimental design generates exogenous variation in club’s composition. It hence allows for the identification of exogenous peer effects of search clubs. Our results suggest a small positive effect of being assigned to a search club on the probability of being employed 6 months after randomization and we find some evidence for effect heterogeneity. Moreover, our results indicate that the group composition is important for the effectiveness of the search club.
- Thursday 4 February 2016 12:00-13:30
- Salle S18 Centre d’Economie de la Sorbonne, Maison des Sciences Economique
- Ronald Oaxaca (Arizona University), Labex OSE Guest Speaker
Gender Wage Gaps and Risky vs Secure Employment: An Experimental Analysis
- Thursday 3 December 2015 12:00-13:30
- MSE Salle S18
- Eva SIERMENSKA (LISER)
Wealth gender differences: the changing role of explanatory factors over time
- Thursday 5 November 2015 12:00-13:30
- Salle S18 Centre d’Economie de la Sorbonne, Maison des Sciences Economique
- Jane Greve (KORA Copenhagen)
Labour Market Effects of Intra-Uterine Exposure to Nutritional Deficiency: Evidence from Administrative Data on Muslim Immigrants in Denmark
- Thursday 1 October 2015 12:00-13:30
- Salle S18 Centre d’Economie de la Sorbonne, Maison des Sciences Economique
- Patrick Puhani (Hannover Leibnitz Univ, CReEAM UCL, SEW St Gallen )
Do boys benefit from male teachers in elementary school: evidence from administrative panel data - Abstract
Abstract:
With girls having overtaken boys in many education indicators, the
“feminization” of elementary school teaching is causing debates across the globe about disadvantages for male students. Using administrative panel data on the universe of students, teachers and schools for a German state, I exploit within school and within
teacher variation to determine teacher characteristics’ effects on students’ tracking outcomes. Germany tracks students at age 10 into more or less academic school types. I find hardly any effects of teacher’s gender, age, pay level, qualifications, or working
hours on boys’ or girls’ school track recommendations or school choice. Even when following students into middle school, no effects of teacher gender on school type change or grade repetition can be detected.
- Thursday 10 September 2015 12:00-13:30
- Salle S17 ou S18 Centre d’Economie de la Sorbonne, Maison des Sciences Economique
- Karina Doorley (LISER Luxembourg and IZA)
Labour supply and entrepreneurship after wealth shocks - Abstract
This paper examines the effect of wealth on labor market behavior. Providing convincing evidence on this relationship is challenging since wealth and labor supply may be endogenously determined. We provide a theoretical framework which outlines how individuals’ labor market behavior may be expected to react to a
financial windfall under different circumstances including perfect/imperfect anticipation and a credit constrained environment. We test our model predictions using rich household and individual level micro-data for Germany. In line with model predictions, we find that unanticipated financial windfalls lead to a decrease in the labor income and number of hours worked by women. We also find some evidence that the self-employment rate of women increases in the wake of a financial windfall and that women who were self-employed before the windfall invest more in their business after the windfall by acquiring more staff.
- Thursday 4 June 2015 12:00-13:30
- ROOM S 18. Maison de Sciences Economiques.
- Sonia OREFFICE (University of Surrey)
Measuring and Decomposing Beauty: Body Size and Non-Anthropometric Attractiveness in Economic Research - Abstract
We analyze how attractiveness rated at the start of the interview in a nationally representative sample is related to weight, height, and body mass index (BMI), separately by gender and accounting for interviewers’ characteristics or fixed ffects. We also compute the non-anthropometric residual attractiveness, and present novel
estimates of how non-anthropometric attractiveness and anthropometric attributes are related to labor and marital outcomes such as hourly wage and spousal educa-
tion. We are the first to show that height, weight, and BMI all strongly contribute to male and female attractiveness when attractiveness is rated by opposite-sex inter-
viewers, and that anthropometric characteristics are irrelevant to male interviewers when assessing male attractiveness. In addition, we estimate that attractiveness, its
non-anthropometric component, and height, matter in the labor market in terms of higher wages of both men and women. Male BMI is non-linearly related to wages.
In the marriage market, women’s attractiveness, its non-anthropometric component, weight or BMI, are all significantly related to their husbands’ education, whereas for
men attractiveness or its non-anthropometric component do not matter at all, with only height and BMI exhibiting a weak link with their wives’ education.
- Thursday 7 May 2015 12:00-13:30
- Maison de Sciences Economiques, Salle S18
- Eric French (UCL London)
Medicaid Insurance in Old Age - Abstract
The old age provisions of the Medicaid program were designed to insure poor retirees against medical expenses. However, it is the rich who are most likely to live long and face expensive medical conditions when very old. We estimate a rich structural model of savings and endogenous medical spending with heterogeneous agents, and use it to compute the distribution of lifetime Medicaid transfers and Medicaid valuations across currently single retirees.
We find that retirees with high lifetime incomes can end up on Medicaid, and often value Medicaid’s insurance features the most, as they face a larger risk of catastrophic medical needs at old ages, and face the greatest consumption risk. In addition, our compensating variation calculations indicate that retirees value Medicaid insurance at more than its actuarial cost, but that most would value expansions of the current Medicaid program at less than cost, thus suggesting that the Medicaid program may currently be of the approximately right size for the current single retirees.
- Thursday 2 April 2015 12:00-13:30
- Maison de Sciences Economiques, Salle S18
- Valerie Lechene (UCL & IFS London)
What’s for dinner? A structural model of food consumption and time use - Abstract
Thomas F. Crossley, Rachel Griffith, Wenchao (Michelle) Jin and Valérie Lechene
We develop and estimate a structural model of food consumption and time use. We show that once we
account for the fact that cooking takes time, the shadow price of home cooked food has risen relative to
that of processed food in the past decades. We are able to explain recent trends in food choices, away
from home cooked food and towards processed foods, despite market price movements which should lead
to decreases in the consumption of processed foods over time. We quantify the relative importance of the
decline in average household size, real wage increase and market price changes in the long term decline
of ingredients consumption.
- Thursday 5 March 2015 12:00-13:30
- Maison de Sciences Economiques, Salle S18
- Helena Skyt Nielsen (Aarhus University)
The Effect of Teacher Aide in the Classroom: Evidence from a Randomized Trial - Abstract
Abstract: This paper evaluates the impact of three kinds of teacher aide on test scores and well-being among 13-year olds. We exploit a randomized experiment combined with rich register data from Denmark. The intervention reduces student-to-teacher ratios by 27-34 percent, but is a much more flexible instrument than class-size reductions. We find positive average effects on reading scores, which tend to be larger when resources are spent on teaching assistants without a teaching degree who can afford more time in class in comparison to co-teachers with a degree. In classrooms that include students with ADHD and similar issues, more qualified co-teachers have substantial effects.
- Thursday 5 February 2015 12:00-13:30
- Maison de Sciences Economiques, Salle S18
- Laurent Gobillon(INED), Dominique Meurs (Nanterre Université), Sebastien Roux (CREST)
Gender differences in access to best-paid jobs across sectors: Counterfactuals based on a job assignment model
- Thursday 8 January 2015 12:00-13:30
- MSE Salle S 18
- Mauro Sylos Labini (University of Pisa)
Does Gender Matter for Academic Promotion? Evidence from Two Large-Scale Randomized Natural Experiments - Abstract
This paper analyzes the gender gap in academic promotion and the role of the gender composition of promotion committees in shaping this gap. We exploit evidence from two large-scale randomized natural experiments: the systems of centralized evaluations for academic promotions in Spain and Italy. These evaluations involved around 100,000 candidacies and 8,000 (randomly selected) evaluators. In both countries, we find that female candidates tend to have significant productivity gap with respect to their male colleagues. They are also significantly less likely to seek promotion relative to men with similar characteristics. However, conditional on applying for promotion, women and men of comparable quality have similar chances of success in promotion evaluations. On average, the promotion chances of women do not increase with the number of women in the evaluation committee. Our results suggest that gender quotas would not necessarily increase female representation. Policies should rather address the relative slow down of productivity of female researchers along their careers.
- Thursday 4 December 2014 12:00-13:30
- Maison de Sciences Economiques, Salle S18
- Almudena Sevilla Sanz (Queen Mary London)
TIME INVESTMENTS IN CHILDREN IN THE UK: THE ROLE OF COLLEGE COMPETITION - Abstract
with Cristina Borra (University of Sevilla)
Abstract
This paper explores whether increased competition for college places in the UK can explain gaps in the time parents from different educational backgrounds invested in their children over a 30-year period.
Using five 24-hour diary surveys covering 1974-2005, the research finds that the time parents invest in their children increases. This is particularly true for college educated parents who, by the mid 90s, are spending about two hours per week more with their children than their non-college educated counterparts. Although by the end of the period, all parents, regardless of their education levels, invest about the same amount of time in childcare, parents with some college spend more of that time (around half an hour per week more) on educational activities than less than college educated parents.
Children’s homework time more than doubled, but whereas in the 70s children devoted the same amount of time to homework regardless of their parents’ educational background, at the end of the period children from more educated backgrounds spent almost twice as much time doing homework as children from less educated family backgrounds
We rule out standard explanations for the differential trends in parental and children’s time investments, such as income effects, safety concerns, or working arrangements. College enrolment population data is used to show that the gap in parental time investments for college and non-college educated parents coincided with increases in the competition for college slots at elite universities, particularly from the mid 80s until the mid 90s. After the 90s, the competition slows down, but remains high.
Given that parental time investments have quantifiable effects in children’s long-term outcomes, understanding the extent of inequality in parental time resources invested in children by parental educational background and its likely causes is crucial from a child development perspective and for policies aimed at reducing inequality.
- Thursday 6 November 2014 12:00-13:30
- Maison de Sciences Economiques, Salle S18
- Miriam Beblo (Hamburg University)
Breaking down the wall between Nature and Nurture: An exploration of gendered work preferences in East and West Germany - Abstract
We study a possible nurture effect of political systems for the evolution of gender differences in work preferences by exploiting the 41 years division of Germany and its reunification in 1990 as a natural experiment. We investigate whether differing
political and social systems produced different gender-gaps in preferences with respect to work as such and to specific job attributes (high income, promotion opportunities) as implied by higher female labour force participation in the former GDR. Based on the German General Social Survey (ALLBUS) years 1991, 1998/2000 and 2010/2012, our analyses reveal substantial differences between East- and West gender gaps in preferences for work directly after reunification and hardly any convergence over the following twenty years. Regarding job attributes, gender-specific preferences in 1991 do not differ between East and West regions. Until 2010, the gaps vanish in the East but remain stable or even widen in the West. Our results thus provide strong evidence for the impact of nurture on preference formation, while age at and length of exposure are important determinants of its size.
- Thursday 2 October 2014 12:00-13:30
- Maison de Sciences Economiques, Salle S18
- Estefania Santacreu-Vasut (ESSEC Business School and THEMA)
Does Mother Tongue Make for Women’s Work? Linguistics and Gender Roles in the Labor Market - Abstract
with Victor Gay, The University of Chicago, Daniel L. Hicks, University of Oklahoma, Amir Shoham, Temple University.
Abstract
This paper explores the question of whether the use of gender in language could influence the gender gap in economic participation. Using data from the American Community Survey, we show that among female (male) migrants to the U.S., those who speak a language which makes grammatical gender distinctions exhibit lower (higher) labor force participation, hours worked, and weeks worked during the year, with larger effects for languages with the most pervasive grammatical gender components. To account for the impact of correlated origin country influences, we include country of birth fixed effects, and obtain identification off of variation in language spoken across immigrants from the same country. We directly control for English proficiency and present multiple pieces of evidence suggesting that these findings are not driven by specifics of the U.S. migrant population. These results highlight gender in language as a provocative area for future study.
- Thursday 5 June 2014 12:00-13:30
- MSE S 17
- Eric French (University College London and Federal Reserve Bank Chicago)
The Savings of Couples and Singles
- Thursday 3 April 2014 12:00-13:30
- MSE Room S 17
- Bruce Meyer (Harris School of Public Economics Studies, Chicago)
Consumption and Income Inequality
- Thursday 6 March 2014 12:00-13:30
- Ian Walker (Lancaster University)
Nudging the elderly to stay alive - Abstract
Ian Walker (Lancaster University)
Nudging the elderly to stay alive" with Maria Navarro and David Stott.
- Thursday 6 February 2014 12:00-13:30
- Jana Vyrastekova (Nijmegen University)
Gender differences in parental altruism: Evidence from field experiments in Tanzania
. - Abstract
Gender differences in parental altruism: Evidence from field experiments in Tanzania
We address gender differences in parental altruism using data from field experiments performed in Tanzania. We ran a modified dictator game in which parents choose between a good only suitable for children (slippers), a cash amount and/or luxury good (sugar). Our data gives support to gender differences in parental altruism. If their partners are not participating, mothers are more likely to forego their own consumption than fathers. At the same time, when both parents are participating, the differences in behaviour between fathers and mothers disappear. Next to biological factors, we find that the family context of the human bi-parental care for offspring affects behaviour significantly, and should be understood before formulating economic policies merely according to the gender dimension.
Jana Vyrastekova,Janine Huisman,Idda Mosha, Jeroen Smits
- Thursday 9 January 2014 12:00-13:30
- MSE Room S 17
- Barbara Petrongolo (LSE)
Gender gaps and the rise of the service economy - Abstract
Barbara Petrongolo (LSE) Gender gaps and the rise of the service
economy, joint with Rachel Ngai
- Thursday 5 December 2013 12:00-13:30
- Raffaele Miniaci (Brescia University)
Return Expectations and Risk Aversion Heterogeneity in Household Portfolios
- Thursday 7 November 2013 12:00-13:30
- MSE Room S18
- Irma Clots Figueras (Universidad Carlos III Madrid)
Path-Breakers: How Does Women’s Political Participation Respond to Electoral Success? - Abstract
Path-Breakers: How Does Women’s Political Participation Respond to Electoral Success
- Thursday 3 October 2013 12:00-13:30
- MSE Room S 18
- Patrick Nolen (Essex University)
Do Single-Sex Classes Affect Exam Scores? - Abstract
Do Single-Sex Classes Affect Exam Scores? An
Experiment in a Coeducational University-
Alison L. Booth, Lina Cardona-Sosa, and Patrick Nolen
Australian National University and University of Essex
February 4, 2013
We examine the e¤ect of single-sex classes on the pass rates, grades, and course choices of students
in a coeducational university. We randomly assign students to all-female, all-male, and coed classes
and, therefore, get around the selection issues present in other studies on single-sex education. We
…nd that one hour a week of single-sex education bene…ts females: females are 7% more likely to
pass their …rst year courses and score 10% higher in their required second year classes than their
peers attending coeducational classes. We …nd no e¤ect of single-sex education on the probability
that a female will take technical classes and there is no e¤ect of single-sex education for males.
Furthermore we are able to examine potential mechanisms driving the single-sex e¤ect for females.
We …nd that the results are consistent with a reduction in stereotype threat for females and are
not due to a potential tracking e¤ect.
Keywords: single-sex, education, gender, experiment
JEL Classi…cation: C93, I20, J16, J33
- Thursday 16 May 2013 12:00-13:30
- Maison des Sciences Economiques, Salle S17
- Bernard FORTIN (Laval University)
Social Network, Peer Effects, and Work Effort - Abstract
This paper extends the standard work effort model by allowing social interactions
through social networks. In Manski (1993) nomenclature, our linear-in-means model takes into account individual effects, endogenous effects (i.e., impact of peers’ performance), and contextual effects (i.e., impact of peers’ piece rate wage and other peers’ characteristics). Our model is tested with a real-effort laboratory experiment with two types of exogenous social networks: one in which participants interact recursively and one in which they interact simultaneously. The nature of the recursive treatment allows us to solve the Manski’s identification (reflection) problem. In the Simultaneous treatment, individuals are arrayed on an undirected line and receive information on peer(s) to which they are connected. At each period, individuals play a number of rounds to allow the model to converge to a Nash equilibrium. Given the structure of the network, this model is also identified (Bramoullé, Djebbari, Fortin, 2009) Our findings show that in social networks with recursive interactions the participant’s work effort is positively influenced by his own piece rate and his peers’ mean performance. The social multiplier is estimated at a value of 1.17. In social networks with simultaneous interactions, the existence of endogenous peer effects strongly depends on the individuals’ gender. The endogenous peer effect is positive and large on men’s work effort but do not significantly influence women’s one.
- Thursday 4 April 2013 12:00-13:30
- Maison des Sciences Economiques, Salle S18
- Nicole FORTIN (University of British Columbia)
Leaving Boys Behind: Gender Disparities in High Academic Achievement (with Philip Oreopoulos and Shelley Phipps) - Abstract
Using three decades of data from the “Monitoring the Future” cross-sectional surveys, this paper shows that, from the 1980s to the 2000s, the mode of girls’ high school GPA distribution has shifted from “B” to “A”, essentially “leaving boys behind” as the mode of boys’ GPA distribution stayed at “B”. In a reweighted OB decomposition of achievement at each GPA level, we find that gender differences in post-secondary expectations, controlling for school ability, and as early as 8th grade are the most important factor accounting for this trend. Increases in the growing proportion of girls who aim for a post-graduate degree are sufficient to account for the increase over time in the proportion of girls earning “A’s”. The larger relative share of boys obtaining “C” and C+” can be accounted for by a higher frequency of school misbehavior and a higher proportion of boys aiming for a two-year college degree.
- Thursday 7 February 2013 12:00-13:30
- Maison des Sciences Economiques, Salle S17
- Pierre Andre CHIAPPORI (Columbia University)
Matching models in family economics: theory and applications
- Thursday 17 January 2013 13:00-14:30
- Maison des Sciences Economiques, Salle S17
- Thomas BREDA (London School of Economics)
Do professors really perpetuate the gender gap in science? Evidence from a natural experiment in a French higher education institution - Abstract
Stereotypes, role models played by teachers and social norms are known to push girls to choose humanities rather than science. Do professors directly contribute to this strong selection by discriminating more against girls in more scientific subjects? Using the entrance exam of a French higher education institution (the Ecole Normale Supérieure) as a natural experiment, we show the opposite: discrimination goes in favor of females in more male-connoted subjects (e.g. math, philosophy) and in favor of males in more female-connoted subjects (e.g. literature, biology), inducing a rebalancing of sex ratios between science and humanities majors. We identify discrimination by systematic differences in students’ scores between oral tests (non-blind toward gender) and anonymous written tests (blind toward gender). By making comparisons of these oral/written scores differences between different subjects for a given student, we are able to control both for a student’s ability in each subject and for her overall ability at oral exams. The mechanisms likely to drive this positive discrimination toward the minority gender are also discussed.
- Thursday 6 December 2012 12:00-13:30
- Maison des Sciences Economiques, Salle S18
- Ronald OAXACA (Arizona University)
Do you receive a lighter prison sentence because you are a woman or a white? An economic analysis of the Federal Criminal Sentencing Guidelines
- Thursday 15 November 2012 12:00-13:30
- Maison des Sciences Economiques, Salle S18
- Christian DUSTMANN (University College London)
Peers in the Workplace (with Thomas Cornelissen and Uta Schoenberg) - Abstract
In this paper, we estimate peer effects in the workplace in a general work environment, exploiting administrative data for a large local labour market covering all workers in all firms over a 17-years period. We first show that in a basic principal-agent model with unobserved work effort, peer pressure will lead to peer effects not only in productivity, but also in wages. We then estimate the effect of peers on workers’ own wages, using an identification strategy that eliminates shared background characteristics that might affect both, the individual wage and the peer quality. We find that, overall, a 10% increase in peer ability increases the individual wage by 0.16%. However, in occupations with low learning content, similar to those studied in the existing experimental literature, we find a wage effect of about 0.86% for a 10% increase in peer ability.
- Thursday 4 October 2012 12:00-13:30
- Hermann Gartner - 4 oct 2012
- Abstract
4 octobre 12h-13h30.
Hermann Gartner (Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany).
Il présentera un paper co-écrit avec Thomas Hinz (University of Konstanz, germany) intitulé “Gender wage inequality in firms, occupations and job-cells”
Whereas educational inequalities between women and men and differences in labor market participation shrank or even diminished during the last decades, the gender pay gap remained stable over time. This is remarkable because the pay gap has attracted much more attention as the main target of anti-discrimination policies. Using data from the IAB (Institute for Employment Research), we analyze whether the average pay gap between women and men working full-time can be explained by their employment in different industries, occupations, and firms. As the smallest level of analysis we focus on occupations within firms (job cells). This strategy of analysis yields the best possible approximation to the concept of “within-job wage gap”. The results show that women with equivalent training and occupational experience earn wages that are
12 percent less than the wages of men in such job cells. Even though the educational participation of women rose to that of their male counterpart, the gender composition of labor market participation changed and the pressure of equal employment policies grew, the gender wage gap does not decrease within our observation period (1993-2008).
