PhD in economics, European University Institute, Florence, Italy, 1990-1994.  

Awarded 19 September 1994.  

Title: “The Probability of Leaving Unemployment: Some New Evidence for the UK”.  

Supervisor:  John Micklewright (PhD LSE).

Co-supervisor: Robert Waldmann (PhD Harvard)

Jury external members:  Geert Ridder ; Jules Theeuwes; Ugo Trivellato.

« Habilitation à diriger de Recherches » (Higher Degree similar to the German Habilitation) in economics, University Paris 1 Sorbonne Panthéon, awarded 26 October 2007.

Master (M. A.) in economics, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK, 1988-1989. 

First Degree in Economics and Business, University of Genoa, Italy, 1983-1988.