Journal article: Law and economics primarily focus on various legal rules' capacity to rectify structural inefficiencies stemming from market failures, such as those related to preventive or criminal behaviors. Recent advancements in behavioral economics provide valuable insights into how economic agents respond to the rules they face, offering new perspectives for designing a range of legal rules and procedures. This article provides an overview of these developments as they apply to civil liability regimes, the design of criminal procedure, and criminal policy.